Look at Cdale's website, it should give you accurate info on the frames. The synapse SL is a lighter version of their carbon framed synapse. It costs quite a bit more than the regular synapse carbon, but is essentially the same frame that weighs just a few ounces less. The synapse 5 may be the aluminum framed version. The 2 bikes will probably have different component specs. When looking at the website, make sure you look at the correct model year, as the specs will change from year to year.